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Case Report
198
al-chamber pacemaker placement (Figure 6). This abnormal left ventricular activation sequence causes delayed reduction of both the mitral annular size and regurgitant ori ce size, leading to abnormal lea et coaptation and enhanced MR [7].
Moreover, a hallmark of Ebstein’s anomaly is dys- synchrony of the basal septum at the attachment site of the septal lea et [8]. Although the patient had pre- viously undergone surgical tricuspid valve replace- ment, residual septal dyskinesis may have also further contributed to worsened MR.
This case highlights the hemodynamic e ects of right ventricular pacing in MR and demonstrates the potential utility of the MitraClip system as a feasible
and e ective salvage therapy option in refractory cardiogenic shock. Further experience and research is needed to clarify which patients can be hemody- namically signi cantly a ected by right ventricular pacing.
Con ict of Interest
The authors have no con ict of interest relevant to this publication.
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References
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2. Pleger ST, Chorianopoulos E, Krumsdorf U, Katus HA, Bekeredjian R. Percutaneous edge-to-edge repair of mitral regurgita- tion as a bail-out strategy in critically ill patients. J Invasive Cardiol. 2013;25:69-72. PMID: 23388223
3. Cannan CR, Higano ST, Holmes DR Jr. Pace- maker induced mitral regurgitation: an alternative form of pacemaker syndrome. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1997;20:735- 738. PMID: 09080503
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6. Alizadeh A, Sanati HR, Haji-Karimi M, Yazdi AH, Rad MA, Haghjoo M, et al. Induction and aggravation of atrioventricular valve regurgitation in the course of chronic right ventricular apical pacing. Europace. 2011;13:1587-1590. DOI: 10.1093/eu- ropace/eur198
7. Ebrille E, DeSimone CV, Vaidya VR, Chahal AA, Nkomo VT, Asirvatham SJ. Ventricular pacing – Electromechanical consequences and valvular function. Indian Pacing Elec- trophysiol J. 2016;16:19-30. DOI: 10.1016/j. ipej.2016.02.013
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Journal of Structural Heart Disease, December 2017
Volume 3, Issue 6:192-198
Cite this article as: Nguyen HL, Calfon Press MA, Aboulhosn JA, Lin JP, Ben- harash P, Yang EH. Worsening of Func- tional Mitral Regurgitation from Septal Dyssynchrony Induced by Ventricular Pacing in Ebstein's Anomaly Undergo- ing Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair. Structural Heart Disease. 2017;3(6):192- 198. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12945/j. jshd.2017.033.17


































































































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